1. Introduction to the Passive Voice:

• Begin by explaining the concept of the passive voice and its purpose in Spanish.
• Define the passive voice as a construction where the subject of the sentence receives the action instead of performing it.
• Provide clear examples comparing active and passive voice sentences to illustrate the difference.

2. Formation of the Passive Voice (Present Tense):

• Teach the formation of the passive voice in the present tense for regular -ar, -er, and -ir verbs.
• Explain the formula: “ser” (conjugated in the present tense) + the past participle of the main verb.
• Provide step-by-step examples, including the verb “comer” (to eat) transformed into the passive voice.

3. Formation of the Passive Voice (Other Tenses):

• Expand on the formation of the passive voice in other tenses such as the preterite, imperfect, future, and conditional.
• Explain how to adapt the formula for “ser” + past participle to each tense.
• Provide examples in different tenses to practice forming passive voice sentences.

4. Agent (Ablative) with the Passive Voice:

• Introduce the concept of the agent in passive voice sentences, indicating who or what performs the action.
• Teach how to include the agent in passive voice sentences using “por” followed by the agent (e.g., “La carta fue escrita por Juan.” – The letter was written by Juan.)
• Provide examples and exercises to practice using the agent in passive voice constructions.

5. Passive Voice with Reflexive Verbs:

• Explain how to form the passive voice with reflexive verbs and when it is appropriate to use it.
• Show how the reflexive pronoun changes from direct to indirect object pronoun in passive voice constructions.
• Provide examples and exercises to practice using the passive voice with reflexive verbs.

6. Passive Voice vs. Impersonal “Se”:

• Compare and contrast the passive voice with the impersonal “se” construction in Spanish.
• Explain when to use the passive voice and when to use the impersonal “se” for general statements or when the agent is unknown or unimportant.
• Provide examples and exercises to reinforce the difference between these two constructions.

7. Passive Voice in Complex Sentences:

• Demonstrate how to use the passive voice in complex sentences with dependent clauses.
• Teach how to create passive voice sentences in relative clauses, adverbial clauses, etc.
• Provide examples and exercises to practice using the passive voice in complex sentences.

8. Practice with Real-Life Examples:

• Provide real-life examples and texts in Spanish that use the passive voice.
• Encourage students to analyze and identify passive voice sentences in authentic contexts.
• Engage students in activities where they can create their own passive voice sentences based on the provided content.

9. Active to Passive Voice Conversion:

• Teach students how to convert active voice sentences into passive voice sentences and vice versa.
• Provide exercises and activities where they practice transforming sentences from one voice to the other.

10. Practice, Review, and Application: – Offer ample practice opportunities and exercises for students to solidify their understanding of the passive voice. – Conduct review sessions to reinforce key concepts and clarify any doubts. – Engage students in activities where they use the passive voice to write descriptions, narratives, and express opinions.